kathyvabuk: মার্চ 2013

বুধবার, ২০ মার্চ, ২০১৩

President's Bioethics Commission releases report on pediatric medical countermeasure research

Public release date: 19-Mar-2013
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Contact: Hillary Wicai Viers
hillary.viers@bioethics.gov
202-233-3960
Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues

Recommends that multiple steps must be taken before ethical pediatric anthrax vaccine trials can be considered by the US government

WASHINGTON, D.C. In a report released today, the Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues concluded that the federal government would have to take multiple steps before anthrax vaccine trials with children could be ethically considered. The Bioethics Commission was responding to a request from Health and Human Services Secretary Kathleen Sebelius who last year asked the members to study the question of anthrax vaccine trials with children after receiving a recommendation from another federal committee that such research be initiated, pending ethical review.

"The safety of our children is paramount and we have to get this precisely right," said Commission Chair Amy Gutmann, Ph.D. "The Bioethics Commission concludes that many significant steps would have to be taken, including additional minimal-risk research with adult volunteers, before pediatric anthrax vaccine trials prior to an attack should be considered.

A major ethical consideration in "pre-event" trials, in which testing occurs before an actual or imminent attack, is that children do not stand to benefit directly from participating in the study, and so risk must be kept very limited and small. In addition to recommending that pre-event trials with children not go forward in the absence of further testing on adults, the Bioethics Commission clarifies other rigorous conditions that must be met before such pediatric research may ethically proceed.

"Out of respect for every individual, our nation must protect children enrolled in research studies while also doing its best to develop the knowledge needed to save children's lives during a possible emergency," Gutmann said.

In the report, Safeguarding Children: Pediatric Medical Countermeasure Research, the Bioethics Commission also more generally considered the ethics of research on pediatric medical countermeasures (MCM), the catchall term for the use of federally-regulated drugs and products in response to chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear attacks.

Background:

In 2011, the U.S. government conducted a bioterrorism preparedness exercise to study the likely results of a large-scale release of weaponized anthrax spores in a city such as San Francisco. The casualty estimates were staggering: almost 8 million citizens would be affected, nearly a quarter of them children.

If such an event were to occur, current federal plans call for immediate distribution of antibiotics proven effective in treating anthrax infections, and a follow-up widespread vaccination program using Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed (AVA). Vaccination is believed necessary because anthrax spores would likely continue to pose a threat of infection long after the initial release had taken place. AVA administration is challenging, however, because there is no definitive understanding of its effect in children despite having been in commercial production for more than four decades and having been safely administered to more than a million adults in the military.

After the 2011 bioterrorism exercise, the National Biodefense Science Board (NBSB) recommended that the U.S. government conduct a study to test the safety and effectiveness ("immunogenicity") of AVA in children before an anthrax attack occurs, contingent upon a review of the ethical issues. Secretary Sebelius called on the Bioethics Commission for a thorough ethical review.

"The Bioethics Commission recognizes both the federal government's fundamental duty to protect individual children from undue risk during research and its obligation to protect all children as far as ethically and practically possible during an emergency by being prepared," said Daniel Sulmasy, M.D., Ph.D., Member of the Bioethics Commission.

Ethical Considerations and Recommendations:

Research with children is ethically distinct from other research, especially when the research in question promises no prospect of direct benefit for the participants. Competent adults can consent to accept risks for the benefit of others during research. Children are legally prohibited and ethically unable to consent to accept this burden.

Pediatric MCM research that would take place before a bioterrorism attack occurs is also ethically distinct from pediatric MCM research that would take place after an attack. Pre-event pediatric research involving MCMs involves research on a hypothetical condition with an undefined (and perhaps unknowable) likelihood of occurring.

"While the knowledge gained could be very useful in the event of an attack, we may never have and hope never to have occasion to use it," Gutmann said.

By contrast, post-event testing offers a chance of directly benefiting participants and the opportunity to learn about their condition, which resulted from the attack.

Because the individual children who would be enrolled in pre-event MCM research do not stand to directly benefit from the research, the Bioethics Commission concludes that, absent extraordinary circumstances, pre-event MCM research with children is ethical only if it presents "no more than minimal risk" to study participants, where "minimal" means no greater risk than that routinely faced by a healthy child in daily life or at a medical check-up.

In keeping with its recommendation of a strict risk limit in pre-event pediatric MCM research, the Bioethics Commission called for completing all prior ethically sound testing for example, modeling, testing in animals, and testing in the youngest adults to assess the level of risk likely posed by pre-event pediatric MCM research. If the risk level for the oldest group of children is determined to be minimal, then progressive testing with younger and younger children should be employed, beginning with the oldest children in order to provide additional protection to younger children. This approachcalled age de-escalationwould help to ensure that data from an older age group inform the research design and risk level for the next younger age group. For example, an intervention shown to be minimal risk in the youngest adults adults 18 years of age may make it possible to infer that a study with the oldest children of 16 and 17 years of age would present only minimal risk.

When it is impossible to design a pre-event pediatric MCM trial that poses no more than minimal risk, the proposed study must first pass muster under a "national-level review." The Commission recommends a carefully specified set of strict preconditions before a national-level review of pre-event pediatric medical countermeasure research can proceed:

Researchers must demonstrate and reviewers must concur that it is impossible to design a minimal risk study; and
The proposed study still must pose no more than a minor increase over minimal risk to research participants, a level that still presents no substantial threat to a child's health or well-being.

If a proposed research trial reaches this point, the Bioethics Commission recommends that reviewers be required to employ the rigorous ethical framework that is developed in its report, and cautions that it should be applied only in the rare circumstances where research risks present a minor increase over minimal.

"Current regulations are ambiguously worded and review panels that would be examining proposed pediatric MCM research would have difficulty applying them consistently. Whether the criteria outlined in the Commission's ethical framework lead to approval or disapproval of proposed MCM research, they clarify what is at stake," Yolanda Ali, M.B.A., Bioethics Commission Member said.

If there is an attack, post-event MCM research might offer the prospect of direct benefit to participants, or of gaining generalizable knowledge about the participants' condition because the participants would already have been exposed to a pathogen during an attack. This is ethically distinct from pre-event research.

The Bioethics Commission recommends that post-event research be planned for and conducted when either untested or minimally tested MCMs are used to protect children in an emergency situation. In addition, the Bioethics Commission recommends that if children receive untested MCMs in an emergency in an effort to save lives, that rigorous research protections be in place.

As it examined the ethical issues surrounding research with children, the Bioethics Commission built on its previous work on the issue of protecting research participants. In December 2011, it released Moral Science: Protecting Participants in Human Subjects Research, a report that assesses the current rules and regulations that protect research participants.

"The rules that protect children are even more stringent, as they should be," Gutmann said. "Medical countermeasure research warrants an ongoing national conversation to ensure an unwavering commitment by our society to safeguard all children both from unacceptable risks in research and through ethically sound research that promotes their health and well-being."

###

Read the full report here.

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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

President's Bioethics Commission releases report on pediatric medical countermeasure research

Public release date: 19-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail |

Share ]

Contact: Hillary Wicai Viers
hillary.viers@bioethics.gov
202-233-3960
Presidential Commission for the Study of Bioethical Issues

Recommends that multiple steps must be taken before ethical pediatric anthrax vaccine trials can be considered by the US government

Background:

Ethical Considerations and Recommendations:

"While the knowledge gained could be very useful in the event of an attack, we may never have and hope never to have occasion to use it," Gutmann said.

By contrast, post-event testing offers a chance of directly benefiting participants and the opportunity to learn about their condition, which resulted from the attack.

Researchers must demonstrate and reviewers must concur that it is impossible to design a minimal risk study; and
The proposed study still must pose no more than a minor increase over minimal risk to research participants, a level that still presents no substantial threat to a child's health or well-being.

###

Read the full report here.

[ | E-mail |

Share ]

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-03/bc-pbc031513.php

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Teen Birth Control: IUDs Are an Option, Docs Say

More doctors should speak with their teenage patients about intrauterine devices (IUDs) and implants as possible methods of birth control, a new study says.

In the study, some doctors, particularly pediatricians, did not have an accurate understanding of which teens are candidates for these birth control methods, and so did not discuss these options, the researchers say.

For instance, some doctors said they thought teens could have IUDs only if they'd previously been pregnant, when in fact, any sexually active teen girl can be a candidate for this type of birth control, experts say.

In addition, while all doctors counseled teen patients about condom use during sex, some did not discuss IUDs and implants as birth control options because they feared teens with these devices would "feel freer to have completely unprotected sex," which would put them at risk for sexually transmitted diseases, the study found.

While it's unclear whether these fears are valid, "holding back on discussing the most effective pregnancy prevention methods doesn?t necessarily result in the best outcome for our teens and young people," said study researcher Dr. Susan Rubin, an attending physician at Albert Einstein College of Medicine's Montefiore Medical Center in the Bronx, N.Y. Because IUDs and implants don't protect against STDs, they should be used with condoms, Rubin said.

Teen pregnancy rates have been on the decline in recent years, but the United States is still has one of the highest teen pregnancy rates among developed countries, the researchers said. In 2011, more than 329,000 babies were born to U.S. women ages 15 to 19, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

Studies show IUDs and implants, known as long-acting reversible contraception, are more effective at preventing pregnancy than other methods of contraception. For instance, a study published last year in the New England Journal of Medicine found that women who used birth control pills, skin patches or vaginal rings were 20 times more likely to get pregnant over a three-year period than women who used IUDs or implants.

Some women may prefer long-acting reversible contraception because these devices provide birth control without the need to take a pill every day. However, only about 8.5 percent of U.S. women and 3 percent of teens use long-acting reversible contraception.

The new study interviewed 28 family physicians, pediatricians and obstetrician-gynecologists in New York City to identify barriers to teens' long-acting reversible contraception use. Overall, about 70 percent of doctors said they had discussed IUDs and 30 percent had discussed implants with teens. Pediatricians were the least likely to discuss these birth control methods, with just 22 percent mentioning IUDs and 11 percent mentioning implants, the study found.

In earlier decades, doctors were concerned IUDs might reduce fertility or increase infection risk in teens, and perhaps might not fit properly, said Dr. Metee Comkornruecha, adolescent medicine doctor at Miami Children's Hospital. But current research shows IUDs are safe and effective for teens, and that more doctors should be discussing them as birth control methods, Comkornruecha said. Last September, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG), recommended long-acting reversible contraception be offered to teens.

Still, these devices to carry risks. Women who currently have pelvic infections or get them frequently should not use the devices. ParaGard, which is a copper, hormone-free device, has been associated with heavy bleeding, severe cramping and vaginal inflammation. Mirena, an IUD that releases small amounts of a synthetic progestin hormone, may be associated with hormonal side effects, such as acne, weight gain or mood changes. None of these devices protect against sexually transmitted infections.

These devices are also more expensive than birth control pills, and so not everyone may be able to afford them, and not all clinics may keep them in stock. Hormone-releasing IUDs cost about $850, and copper-containing IUDs cost about $650, Rubin said. Under the Affordable Care Act, approved methods of birth control, including long-acting reversible contraception, are required to be covered by insurance. However, insurance plans that were in place before March 23, 2010, are exempt from this requirement, so not everyone has seen changes to their coverage.

Pass it on: More doctors should speak with teens about long-acting reversible contraception as a method of birth control, experts say.

Follow Rachael Rettner @RachaelRettner. Follow MyHealthNewsDaily @MyHealth_MHND, Facebook & Google+.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/teen-birth-control-iuds-option-docs-215155589.html

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সোমবার, ১১ মার্চ, ২০১৩

Jen Hilman Interview, Yoga & Massage Therapy for Relaxation ...

Jen Hilman Interview, Yoga & Massage Therapy for Relaxation & Stress Management Jen Hilman talks about her involvement with massage therapy, yoga and medication about how these things can be used to relax a person and manage stressful life situations. This video was produced by Psychetruth www.youtube.com Music By Jimmy Gelhaar www.jimmyg.us ? Copyright 2010 Target Public Media LLC. All Rights Reserved. Jen Hilman interview yoga massage therapy relaxations stress management stressful life manage relax
Video Rating: 4 / 5

This entry was posted in Stress Management. Bookmark the permalink.

Source: http://self-improvement.roxy-publishing.com/blog/stress-management/jen-hilman-interview-yoga-massage-therapy-for-relaxation-stress-management

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Mutated gene causes nerve cell death

Mar. 10, 2013 ? The British astrophysicist Stephen Hawking is likely to be the world's most famous person living with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), also known as Lou Gehrig's disease. ALS is a progressive disease affecting motor neurons, nerve cells that control muscle function, and nearly always leads to death. Researchers at the Institute of Molecular Biotechnology of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (IMBA) in Vienna have now identified a completely new mechanism in the onset of motor neuron diseases. Their findings could be the basis for future treatments for these presently incurable diseases.

A new principle on motor neuron death

The IMBA scientists, working with an international team of researchers under the leadership of Josef Penninger and Javier Martinez, discovered a completely new fundamental mechanism that triggers the death of motor neurons. Motor neurons are nerve cells responsible for stimulating muscles. The loss of these motor neurons in mice with a genetic mutation in a gene named CLP1¹ leads to severe and progressive muscular paralysis and, in some cases, to death.

"We've been working on resolving the function of the CLP1 gene in a living organism for a long time. To do that, we developed model mice in which the function of CLP1 was genetically inactivated. To our utter surprise we discovered that deactivating CLP1 increases the sensitivity of cell die when exposed to oxidative stress². That leads to enhanced activity of the p53 protein³ and then to the permanent destruction of motor neurons," says Toshikatsu Hanada, a postdoctoral researcher working in the lab of Josef Penninger and first author of the study along with Stefan Weitzer.

Stephen Hawking -- a most renowned patient

Motor neuron diseases (MNDs), such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and spinal muscular atrophy (SMA), are chronic disorders of the neuromuscular system. These diseases are caused by damage in the motor nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord, and the nerves can no longer stimulate motion in the muscles. The primary symptoms are muscular weakness, muscular dystrophy, and problems swallowing or speaking. Stephen Hawking was diagnosed with ALS 50 years ago. But not all ALS patients live so long with the disease: so far there are no treatments for ALS. Nearly all ALS patients die of paralysis of respiratory muscles within a few years.

Completely new disease mechanism

Javier Martinez, an IMBA team leader and co-author of the study, is a specialist in the field of ribonucleic acid (RNA) research. His research group had discovered the CLP1 gene in an earlier study, published in Nature in 2007. Until now, the exact essential function of CLP1 in RNA biology was unclear. "By deactivating CLP1, we have discovered a previously unknown new species of RNA," says Javier Martinez about the scientific relevance of the work. "The accumulation of this RNA is a consequence of increased oxidative stress in the cell. We see this as one of the triggers for the loss of motor neurons that occurs in ALS and other neuromuscular diseases. Thus our findings describe a completely new mechanism of motor neuron diseases."

Seminal findings

Josef Penninger, scientific director at the IMBA and last-author of the study, is excited about the researchers' findings: "This surprising discovery of a role of CLP1 in the onset of motor neuron diseases is an entirely new principle in how RNA talks to oxidative stress. Nearly all genetic mutations found in ALS patients affect either RNA metabolism or oxidative stress, suggesting a possibly unifying principle for these diseases. Our work may have revealed the 'missing link' in how these two biological systems communicate and trigger incurable diseases like ALS."

Stefan Weitzer sees tremendous potential for these findings: "We've discovered a new mechanism that leads to the death of motor neurons. If this holds true for other neuronal disease, our results could be one day used to drive the development of treatments for previously incurable diseases. In our work we also describe how the p53 protein regulates the loss of motor neurons. Removing p53 saves mice with CLP1 mutations from certain death." If scientists are successful in applying these findings to people, the researchers may have discovered a treatment approach to cure ALS and similar diseases. The authors, however, caution that more studies will be needed to translate their findings to human medicine.

This study was performed in collaboration with research groups from the Medical Universities of Vienna and Innsbruck, the University Medical Center at Hamburg-Eppendorf in Germany, the Harvard Medical School, the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, the Boston Children's and Massachusetts General Hospitals, the Keio University School of Medicine in Tokyo, Oita University in Japan, and the Weizmann Institute of Science in Rehovot in Israel.

Notes:

¹⁾ CLP1: = Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factor 1: a kinase (enzyme responsible for transmitting signals in cells) responsible for attaching phosphate residue to RNA.

²⁾ Oxidative stress: causes damage to cells and the genome, and is involved in the ageing process. The normal repair and detoxification function of the cells is overburdened.

³⁾ p53: a protein that is mutated in many types of cancer cells. It plays a role in inhibiting the cell cycle and can trigger cell death.

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Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by Institute of Molecular Biotechnology.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.

Journal Reference:

Toshikatsu Hanada, Stefan Weitzer, Barbara Mair, Christian Bernreuther, Brian J. Wainger, Justin Ichida, Reiko Hanada, Michael Orthofer, Shane J. Cronin, Vukoslav Komnenovic, Adi Minis, Fuminori Sato, Hiromitsu Mimata, Akihiko Yoshimura, Ido Tamir, Johannes Rainer, Reinhard Kofler, Avraham Yaron, Kevin C. Eggan, Clifford J. Woolf, Markus Glatzel, Ruth Herbst, Javier Martinez, Josef M. Penninger. CLP1 links tRNA metabolism to progressive motor-neuron loss. Nature, 2013; DOI: 10.1038/nature11923

Note: If no author is given, the source is cited instead.

Disclaimer: This article is not intended to provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Views expressed here do not necessarily reflect those of ScienceDaily or its staff.

Source: http://feeds.sciencedaily.com/~r/sciencedaily/most_popular/~3/oPMO9DA-PFA/130310163827.htm

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French army in Mali now in Islamist "sanctuary:" defense minister

PARIS (Reuters) - French forces searching for al Qaeda-linked militants in the hidden valleys of the remote north of Mali are now deep in the Islamists' sanctuary, France's defense minister said on Friday.

A day after a visit to Mali, Jean-Yves Le Drian said the current phase of the eight-week-old French-led offensive was the hardest, as it required winkling the Islamist fighters out of entrenched positions in the Adrar des Ifoghas mountains.

French soldiers killed about 15 militants this week after discovering a small army of jihadists in the Ametetai valley.

Some 30 French soldiers were wounded in the operation and a French national fighting for the Islamists was taken prisoner, Le Drian told Europe 1 radio on Friday.

"Now it's a bit more difficult because we're in the sanctuary," Le Drian said. "We knew this part of Mali was potentially the sanctuary of AQIM (al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb), and we weren't wrong."

"The search is continuing as of yesterday afternoon in the other valleys, because the whole territory has to be cleaned out completely."

The offensive, which began in January, has driven Islamist rebels from most of the swathe of northern Mali they had held since April, but has failed to eradicate pockets of resistance in mountain hideouts and around Gao, the region's largest town.

Le Drian said French forces had retrieved a "very impressive" weapons cache in the Ametetai valley, including heavy arms and material for improvised explosive devices and suicide bomb belts.

"We found them by the ton," Le Drian said. "I hadn't expected this to such an extent."

He said a Frenchman among prisoners taken during combat would soon be extradited to France.

He said French forces still had to clear out northeastern Mali and secure Gao before they can begin to scale back and hand over operations to African troops.

"We are on the right path but until the entire territory has been freed, I remain cautious," Le Drian said.

(Reporting By Alexandria Sage; Editing by Alistair Lyon)

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/french-army-mali-now-islamist-sanctuary-defense-minister-102311519.html

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Asia stocks up as US jobs, China exports improve

A man walks by an electronic stock board of a securities firm in Tokyo, Friday, March 8, 2013. A positive jobs report that pushed the Dow to another record high this week helped boost Asian stock markets on Friday. Japan's Nikkei 225 index jumped 1.9 percent to 12,200.45, as a weakening yen boosted export-linked shares. Hong Kong's Hang Seng rose 0.9 percent to 22,971.79. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

A man walks by an electronic stock board of a securities firm showing Japan's Nikkei 225 index at 12,194.10 in Tokyo Friday, March 8, 2013. A positive jobs report that pushed the Dow to another record high this week helped boost Asian stock markets on Friday. In the morning Nikkei 225 index jumped 1.9 percent to 12,200.45, as a weakening yen boosted export-linked shares. Hong Kong's Hang Seng rose 0.9 percent to 22,971.79. (AP Photo/Itsuo Inouye)

BANGKOK (AP) ? A positive jobs report that pushed the Dow to another record high this week and better-than-expected Chinese exports helped boost Asian stock markets Friday.

China's exports jumped 21.8 percent to $139.4 billion dollars in February, beating economists' forecasts by a wide margin. While lower than 25 percent growth in January, the figure nonetheless provided evidence of strong demand for Chinese-made goods in the global marketplace.

"China is still exporting its goods to the rest of the world. There is still global demand out there, so that's encouraging," said Andrew Sullivan of Kim Eng Securities in Hong Kong. February had been expected to be weak because the Lunar New Year holiday fell during the month, leaving fewer work days as businesses shut for up to two weeks.

Japan's Nikkei 225 index jumped 2.2 percent to 12,227.75, as a weakening yen boosted export-linked shares. Prime Minister Shinzo Abe's advocacy of a weaker yen to help support Japanese export manufacturers has lifted share prices and spurred a decline in the value of the Japanese currency.

Hong Kong's Hang Seng rose 1.2 percent to 23,034.05. Australia's S&P/ASX 200 rose 0.2 percent to 5,122.70. Benchmarks in Taiwan, Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand rose. Those in mainland China and Singapore fell.

Among individual stocks, Japan's Mazda Motor Corp. jumped 5.1 percent. Video game maker Nintendo added 6.2 percent. Virgin Australia fell 0.7 percent after a decision on the airline's proposed takeover of Tiger Airways Australia was delayed.

Sentiment on Wall Street was boosted after the Labor Department reported that the number of Americans seeking unemployment aid fell to a seasonally adjusted 340,000 last week. Applications fell 7,000 in the week ended March 2, dropping the four-week average to its lowest level in five years.

A drop in weekly applications suggests that companies are laying off fewer workers and that more hiring may follow. A government report Friday is expected to show that employers in the U.S. added 152,000 jobs last month.

"Fewer firings and more hirings are bringing people back into the search for a job when they had previously been too discouraged to bother," said analysts at DBS Bank Ltd. in Singapore in an email commentary. "This is great news so the fact that the unemployment rate isn't falling as much as one would like, and probably not at all this month, doesn't mean things aren't happening under the hood."

In New York, the Dow Jones industrial average gained 0.2 percent to close at 14,329.49. The Standard & Poor's 500 index rose 0.2 percent to 1,544.26. The Nasdaq rose 0.3 percent to 3,232.09.

Benchmark oil for April delivery was down 17 cents to $91.39 per barrel in electronic trading on the New York Mercantile Exchange. The contract rose $1.13 to finish at $91.56 per barrel on the Nymex on Thursday.

In currencies, the euro fell to $1.3094 from $1.3104 late Thursday in New York. The dollar rose to 95.14 yen from 94.85 yen.

___

Follow Pamela Sampson on Twitter at http://twitter.com/pamelasampson

Associated Press

Source: http://hosted2.ap.org/APDEFAULT/f70471f764144b2fab526d39972d37b3/Article_2013-03-08-World%20Markets/id-0568af365dcf4d07a583d8d30aae48e4

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Education is a business not love, UG Vice-Chancellor asserts ...

? as extensive improvement plans unveiled
?If you want quality degrees you will pay for it; nobody gets quality for free. If students can?t pay for it, somebody?s got to pay for it; either the private sector or scholarships, somebody?s got to pay for it.?

UG Vice Chancellor, Professor Jacob Opadeyi

This was the emphatic assertion of newly-appointed Vice Chancellor of the University of Guyana, Professor Jacob Opadeyi, who was at the time seeking to justify plans in the pipelines to increase tuition costs at the tertiary institution.
In his inaugural press conference held yesterday at the University?s Turkeyen Campus Education Lecture Theatre, the Vice Chancellor alluded to the need for qualified lecturers who would have attained Bachelor?s, Master?s and Doctorate degrees. He insisted that ?somebody has to pay them for that. If you don?t want to pay them for that, then you will get low quality teachers.?
?How can you get a good lawyer to come and teach law in this university? You have to pay that person to stop all practices and come and teach here. If you want a good medical doctor to teach here you have to pay that person to stop all private practices?and somebody has got to pay for it.?
Professor Opadeyi related that it currently costs the university some $355,000 to educate each student, while the tuition costs stand at just over $120,000 for most. Although unable to precisely state the deficit at the University, the Vice Chancellor speculated that it is somewhere in the vicinity of $300 million.
In referring to salaries, Professor Opadeyi stressed that ?everything needs to go up; it is a total package. If you want high quality teachers you need to pay high quality salaries.?
As such, he expressed confidence that Government will support the move to up the tuition fee, since according to him ?it is commonsense. There is no Government service that has not increased its prices in this country?so it is just commonsense.?
The only challenge with implementing the tuition change, according to the Vice Chancellor, is the modality, that is, ?how we should, not why we should do it, and if Government says we are not going to increase tuition, the University is going to say ?this is the extra bill you have to pay??.This is the cost of giving that person the quality education that you wanted.?
Moreover, Professor Opadeyi sought to emphasise that ?education is a business; education is not something like ?I love you and I want to give you education?. It?s not about love, it?s about you getting your degree and going and fighting it out, out there and getting money.?
The Nigerian-born Professor made a point of highlighting that even an individual?s chance of getting a visa is higher.
?You apply for visa and you say I have a degree your chances of getting the visa is higher, because quickly they look at it that you belong to this category of social echelon. So we should not treat it as something that we like you and you just go and get education.?
He said that there is an imperative need to improve the facilities and services, all of which cost money.
According to him, money should not be raised through begging, but rather through the services that are being sold.
?What are the services that we are selling at this university? We are selling education?we are selling a certificate. For the Vice Chancellor to sign that this person has a BSc, it means that the Vice Chancellor has received the cheque for the work that was put in to get that degree.?
Speaking to the role of the university, Professor Opadeyi insisted that it is not merely to award degrees to nationals, but rather to prepare them to take advantage of the Caribbean Single Market and Economy.
?Let our Guyanese nationals go to Trinidad and fight it up as engineers, not as traders. Go to other countries in the Region and fight it up as professionals and that is an investment that we have to make,? he insisted.
Nigeria, according to the Professor, had in fact made such an investment, which at one point allowed for some 30 per cent of doctors in Trinidad to be Nigerians. This state of affairs, he said, had brought with it some level of respectability to Nigeria, even as he made reference to ?when 80 per cent of Guyanese in Barbados are labourers, how does that sound? We need to revise that?revise that by investing in human resource development and let our people go and fight it out wherever they are?The way I am fighting it out here?we need to find a way to make them more competitive.?
Professor Opadeyi?s deliberations were forthcoming yesterday as he sought to detail elaborate plans intended to help improve the operations of the tertiary institution, which will range from a curriculum review every five years; the appointment of external lecturers and the review of all academic programmes. He disclosed plans, too, to have all professional programmes offered at the university be accredited, even as the quality of lecturers and examinations and results are examined.
The plans, according to Professor Opadeyi, will also extend to moves by the University to access a radio licence ? an avenue he believes will help to exhibit the radio-hosting talent of students which could range from poetry to musical renditions.
However, following the Vice Chancellor?s ambitious deliberation, President of the University?s Student Society, Ganesh Mahipaul, insisted that a tuition increase would only be supported if the move towards improved lecturers and facilities are realised.
?As it is right now, we don?t see a need to introduce a raise in the tuition fee. If you go to the market and you see two types of mangoes, you are going to buy the quality one; you have to see quality first,? insisted Mahipaul, who is of the firm belief that quality service should be an investment on the part of Government or the private sector.
?They should invest in education, because at the end of the day it is going to benefit Guyana,? he posited.

Source: http://www.kaieteurnewsonline.com/2013/03/08/education-is-a-business-not-love-vice-chancellor-asserts/

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শুক্রবার, ৮ মার্চ, ২০১৩

American Cancer Society: Budget cuts threat in NY

ALBANY, N.Y. (AP) -- The American Cancer Society said Wednesday that the across-the-board federal cuts that went into effect this month and proposed New York spending reductions could cost residents in the state their lives.

The group said the federal cuts alone will mean 1,670 fewer free screenings for breast and cervical cancer for New York women who have no health insurance. The federal cuts amount to a 5 percent drop in cancer screenings in New York, and Gov. Andrew Cuomo's proposed budget would add a 10 percent cut to the program, according to the American Cancer Society.

"The potential cuts will lead to more cancer misery for future patients and a bigger health care tab for New York taxpayers," Blair Horner of the American Cancer Society said at a news conference. "These programs have been proven to save lives and reduce the cancer burden. They deserve more ? not less ? funding."

Susan Farr of Saratoga County, who attended the news conference, said the free screenings she saw offered in her local newspaper saved her life. The former substitute teacher said she and her husband began struggling to pay for groceries, utilities and the mortgage after he was laid off from work. That's when she noticed a lump in her breast.

"And I was really scared," the 43-year-old Farr said. "I had two little kids, no health insurance and a husband working three jobs to make ends meet.

Farr said the free screening found the breast cancer and she subsequently had surgery and radiation treatments, also free under the government-funded program.

"The cancer services program truly saved my life," Farr said. "I believe my physical, emotional and financial life was saved by this program."

The cuts, both federal and state, are the result of years of overspending and rising taxes, sharp declines in tax revenues from the Great Recession and a slow, uneven recovery.

Legislative leaders and Cuomo are meeting behind closed doors, and are expected to propose budget changes and a state budget soon. The final product is expected to be adopted by March 21, well before the April 1 deadline. Legislative leaders had no comment Wednesday on what they might change in the health spending.

Cuomo's proposed budget would require preventive programs, including anti-smoking and other efforts aimed at certain cancers, to compete for financial support from a funding pool, instead of 89 separate line items. The governor's approach is similar to what he has done with some school aid, based on the belief that competition will make programs more efficient and result in more effective use of taxpayers' dollars.

Cuomo proposes a total spending cut of $63 million in a budget of about $143 billion for the fiscal year that starts April 1. Cuomo spokesman Richard Azzopardi defended the governor's proposal.

"Effective programs will continue to thrive and will even have an opportunity to receive additional funding under our reforms," he said. "Replacing an ineffective bureaucracy of 89 separate programs with a more streamlined process will result in better and more efficient services at less cost."

Under state budget law, consolidating the line items also gives the governor potentially more leverage in how programs are funded since the Legislature would have fewer items to change. But it also makes state spending less transparent to the public.

Source: http://news.yahoo.com/american-cancer-society-budget-cuts-131045450.html

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Cultivating a Gracious Climate in Your Church

As I?ve said before, a message of grace may attract people, but a culture of grace will keep them. What our churches need, not in exchange for a gospel message but as a witness to it, is a gospeled climate. But how do you get that? How do you develop in your church community a safe space to confess, be broken, be ?not okay?? What are some ways to cultivate a climate of grace in your church?

1. Ordain totally qualified elders

We often do well to make sure our elders are solid in doctrine and confident in leadership, but too often we let the just-as-important qualifications slide. Or we skimp over them in assessment. Many churches fail their communities when they ordain the smartest guys in the building because those smart guys lack in qualities like gentleness, long-temperedness, or in shepherding their families well. Consider candidates who live in open, transparent ways, who distinguish themselves in hospitality and generosity, who have reputations for patience and meekness as much as intelligence and confidence. Examine their families. Do they lead their families graciously? Do their kids seem happy? Are their wives flourishing? There is a reason Paul puts the quality of husbanding and fathering at the top of his list.

This is one reason I am particularly fond of older men as elders, particularly men with adult or young adult children. A man may have prodigal children in spite of him, of course, not because of him, and so I want to take that into consideration, but if a man?s children are no longer walking with the Lord I want to know if it was because they grew up in an undisciplined, ungodly home or an overly disciplined, rigid, authoritarian, graceless home. I am not opposed to younger elders with younger children (I am one) or even single elders with none (Paul was one), but older men give you both the benefit of life experience and wisdom, and if they?ve been walking with Jesus for a while, they are often softer in heart than younger men. In short, what you want is not just elders who preach and teach well, but elders who love well, who shepherd well. You don?t want simply ruling elders, but gracious shepherds. Because whatever your elders are, your church will eventually be.

2. Go hard after doctrinal arrogance.

Most everyone who thinks they are right about a particular theological issue believes they came to it through growing in the Lord, not just reading information. Both the Calvinists and the Arminians in your church think that. Both the premillennialists and the postmillennialists think that. Most every one of us believes that we came to our particular view in the midst of our spiritual growth. (And we?re all right about that, sort of.) Thinking this way is only natural. But the danger in this thinking is equating our particular view with progressive sanctification. Doing so means believing that because I believe ______, I am more sanctified than you. The reason you don?t yet subscribe to my view on this matter is because you are more immature in your faith. Suddenly we are creating first and second class Christians in the community. And that?s gross.

Gently but firmly rebuke doctrinal arrogance and root it out wherever you find it. Factions develop over devotion to secondary matters quite easily if left unchecked. Be careful in preaching against sin that you don?t have ?favorite? sins, pet sins to rail against. People guilty of such sins may be convicted and repent, but more often they do not hear the message of grace when their sin is repeatedly singled out but that your church is a safe place to have any sin but theirs. And there is an inverse danger in having favorite sins to preach against: it implicitly tells people who don?t struggle with that sin that they must be holy because they don?t struggle with it. By singling out certain sins for special treatment, you are helping everybody else embrace the arrogance of the Pharisee in the temple who was proud he wasn?t the tax collector.

Remind your people often that the demons have impeccable theology, that demons can be Calvinists and Arminians, millenniarians and amillenniarians.

3. Preach a whole gospel aimed at hearts, as well as minds

Preaching that takes the form more of lectures is great for creating information-glutted minds. Sometimes. But while every sermon should convey information ? it should definitely teach ? the purpose of a sermon is not primarily mind-informing but heart-transforming. Aim at the heart in two primary ways: 1) proclaim good news, not simply good advice, and 2) exult in your preaching. In other words, don?t just preach the text, as much as you are able, feel it. More often than not, churches don?t become passionate about what their pastors tell them to be passionate about but about what their pastors are evidently passionate about themselves. So if it?s clear from your preaching that what really fires you up is the imperatives of the Scriptures, and not the gospel indicatives, guess what? No matter how many times you tell your church to center on the gospel, they?re going to see that your zeal is reserved for the law.

And as you preach the gospel, preach to both prodigals and older brothers. Explain how the gospel is opposed to self-righteous religiosity. Entreat both ?brothers? to embrace Christ, the legalist as well as the hedonist. Don?t give the impression that the gospel is just for those obvious sinners, the ?lost? people, but for all people, including those in the pews every Sunday.

4. Establish limping leaders

From elders on down, I don?t empower any leader who has no record of or reputation for humility. I want to know if the leader has ever been broken, ever had his legs knocked out from under him. I don?t empower leaders who don?t walk with limps, because they often have no empathy for the broken, the hurting, the abused, or the penitent. I don?t empower any leader who has not confronted and wrestled with his own sin, who doesn?t demonstrate an ongoing humility about his sin and a grief over it. Leaders who do not personally know the scandal of grace set a climate in a church of gracelessness.

5. Promote hospitality, service, and generosity

What values, programs, initiatives do I most want to promote? The ones that are most conducive to closeness with each other and outwardness with the community. Church people don?t learn to be gracious with unchurched people if they are never in proximity with them. And often being in the same work environment doesn?t cut it. We want to facilitate and promote opportunities for growth that involve the opening of homes, the active service of people inside the church and out, and the giving away of money and stuff. Lots of things fit these bills, so you can get creative. But when church people spend a lot of time with each other in these sorts of settings ? as opposed to simply classroom type settings or the worship service ? they get to know each other in ways that build familiarity, empathy, intimacy, etc. And the same is true of spending time in these settings with unchurched folks, as well. A closed-off, insular, cloistered church is not conducive to a gracious climate. It runs out of air too quickly; people can?t breathe.

6. Take it personally

Most importantly, ~~you~~ I must be what ~~you~~ I want to see. So often as ~~you are~~ I am checking ~~your~~ my church?s pulse ? which Bonhoeffer wisely says not to keep doing ? ~~we are~~ I am thinking of all the people who need to get their act together, who need a big dose of humility. We may be right about them. But applying to others first is not the humble impulse of grace taken seriously. I need to keep a close watch on my life and doctrine. I need to outdo others in showing honor. I need to practice confession and repentance. I need to humble myself. As I am growing intellectually, I need to hold the fruit of the Spirit up to my heart and be fearless and honest about asking, ?How am I doing in these areas??

For each of us, a gracious climate begins with us.

?
Related:
The Welcome of Grace
Safeguarding Against Abuse in the Church
Stay Messy, My Friends
How to Almost Guarantee Your Children Will Run in the Opposite Direction from the Faith

Source: http://thegospelcoalition.org/blogs/gospeldrivenchurch/2013/03/07/cultivating-a-gracious-climate-in-your-church/

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Legal fight over London Olympic Stadium

Leyton Orient have started a legal fight against the decision to allow fellow football club West Ham United to move into London's Olympic Stadium.

Orient, who play in England's third tier League One, are geographically the nearest football club to the Olympic Stadium, which is in the east London borough of Stratford, and have long been concerned about the potential impact of Premier League side West Ham moving to the site from their existing Upton Park ground.

Orient signalled their willingness to ground-share at the STG429 million ($A637 million) venue but the club's owner, Barry Hearn, the leading British sports promoter, has become alarmed by the prospect of West Ham becoming the sole football side based at the stadium.

Now Hearn, also the World Snooker chairman, has asked for a judicial review of the bid process.

"The rules of the bidding process created by the London Legacy Development Corporation (LLDC) we do not believe provided for teaming, which is for all parties to share the stadium," Hearn said on Wednesday.

"We have gone to the High Court to have the decision struck out."

The LLDC board, the body which has the responsibility for securing the stadium's future, in December named West Ham as the number one choice to move into the Olympic Stadium.

"We have been notified that Leyton Orient have made the decision to issue proceedings for judicial review," said an LLDC spokesman.

"Whilst this is disappointing, we believe that our processes have been robust, fair and transparent and that the challenge is misconceived."

Ground-sharing, while common in Europe, with the likes of Italian giants AC Milan and Inter Milan both playing at the city's San Siro stadium, is a rarity in England.

The original deal for West Ham to take over the stadium collapsed in 2011 due to legal challenges from both Tottenham Hotspur and Orient.

Source: http://wwos.ninemsn.com.au/article.aspx?id=8622269

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বৃহস্পতিবার, ৭ মার্চ, ২০১৩

Ways To Make Improvements To Your Own Home

You can accomplish home improvement projects without the added costs of paying a hired professional. This article is packed with information that will help you complete do-it-yourself projects in your home.

The right tools make the difference when working on a home improvement task. The right tools will help make the job easier to do and you will better results. It is also helps to know how to use your tools properly.

It is among the first things a visitor would see. Paint your home and add some plants in pots. Little things like this can easily make a big improvement.

When thinking about a project for your home, don't go it alone! Some projects can be undertaken with help from the entire family--even young children. A well maintained garden adds some freshness to your children and partner.

Do not go through demolition too much when you start your project.Always double check structures behind a cabinet or wall before going to tear it down. It can be really expensive to fix any electrical components that are damaged during the making of home improvements.

Free up space on your nightstands and end tables by using a floor lamp as opposed to using a table lamp. Pick out a lamp that is different and that you like the design of.

There are a number of different stains available for outdoor decks.

If your central heating and air system is older than seven years, you may want to upgrade. Some central heating and air systems can cut down on the amount of energy you use by up to 20%. Newer models can also run a lot quieter and use less electricity.

If you are purchasing a house, hire a professional inspector to check it out. A third party is a great way to keep the process civil.

A beautiful new front door can potentially increase a home's value up to 10 percent. If you update your door and get a good door lock, update its knob and lock with one of the dozens of styles on the market.

A good home improvement tip is to get a professional's opinion before you start out on your venture.A simple advice from an expert can steer you that saves both time and money. You can really screw up if you don't consult with a trusted professional.

It is important to develop a plan beforehand for any home improvement project. If you wait until you start, you may not be able to make up your mind or you may make bad decisions.

A simple home improvement project to tackle. Fresh paint can add fresh energy to a house look brand new. A fresh coat of paint is nearly as beneficial as buying a new home all together.

Try composting to reduce how much garbage you produce. A compost pile can be created by choosing an outside area for remains like fruit peels, vegetables and egg shells.This can reduce your trash and give you fertilizer for your garden.

You can make your own window screen replacement if you have hard to fit windows. Frame kits can be cut to any window size, and the screen can be attached using an inexpensive too and cording.Some windows require special screens, but attaching an external screen is easy with adapters.

Use old shoe boxes for an aesthetic touch that adds storage to your home. Use scraps of attractive fabric or wallpaper to cover the boxes. This is a wonderful way you get an extra storage or just add simple visual drama to a room.

When renovating your home, consider the lifespans of any appliances you purchase. So choose your choice of appliances wisely when you do any remodeling project.

Always take into account the climate when you are thinking about home improvements. For instance, an elaborate landscaping project may not be the best choice if you reside in a hot, building a deck is not advisable.

New carpet can dramatically change the ambiance of your home. Make sure you do some comparison shopping concerning style, style and type of carpet. See if you to carry home.

A good time to do remodeling or add space to your home is during a slumping real estate recession. There is no expiration on home improvement. Once the market picks back up, renovations will hold more value.

A licensed real estate agent can be an excellent source for home improvements will increase the value of your home. They know the housing market well and what people desire when purchasing a home.

Be sure you emphasize the selling points of your house.This will make your house as the unique and desirable.

Put up some artwork or wallpaper trim to provide your bathroom. Wallpaper trim is an inexpensive way to complement any decor imaginable. Add some nice, and you can completely transform your bathroom.

Use old two-liter empty bottles as containers for storage in your kitchen. You can store these on a shelf or in the freezer or refrigerator. Simply take of the top and pour whenever you require its contents.

You can improve the appearance of your landscape with the incorporation of stonework, bushes or vines with whimsical trellises and strategically place stepping stones about the yard.

The tips in this article should have given you all the information you need for a successful home improvement project. The fact that you have chosen this article tells us that you have big plans for your home! You can get the job done yourself with excellent results by following our advice.
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Source: http://yarwoodrealestate.com/ways-to-make-improvements-to-your-own-home/

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American Academy of Microbiology releases resistance report

Public release date: 7-Mar-2013
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Share ]

Contact: Garth Hogan
ghogan@asmusa.org
202-942-9389
American Society for Microbiology

What do cancer cells, weeds, and pathogens have in common? They all evolve resistance to the treatments that are supposed to eliminate them. However, researchers developing the next generation of antibiotics, herbicides, and anti-cancer therapeutics rarely come together to explore the common evolutionary principles at work across their different biological systems. The new American Academy of Microbiology report "Moving Targets: Fighting Resistance in Infections, Pests, and Cancer" concludes that scientists working on different kinds of treatments have much to learn from each other. Applying lessons learned about the evolution of resistance in different biological systems during the earliest stages of drug and pesticide design could lead to more effective treatments for patients, farmers, and public health organizations.

Do you think the oncologists at a cutting-edge research hospital ever sit down with local farmers? Do you think the pharmaceutical researchers developing the next generation of anti-HIV drugs spend any time with the plant scientists working on the next generation of Roundup Ready soybeans? If your answer to both questions is no, you would be mostly right. Even though all of these people are dealing with exactly the same evolutionary phenomena, they do not recognize themselves as a single scientific community and rarely get a chance to learn from each other. What they all have in common is that they are trying to eliminate an unwanted living entity but the treatments they develop eventually lose effectiveness because the target evolves resistance.

The emergence of resistance is a phenomenon with ancient evolutionary roots, although the human role in triggering resistance was little appreciated before the advent of widespread antibiotic and pesticide use in the 1950s. In Silent Spring, the prescient Rachel Carson wrote in 1962 that "by their very nature chemical controls are self-defeating, for they have been devised and applied without taking into account the complex biological systems against which they have been blindly hurled." Sadly, in the fifty years since Silent Spring was published, biologists, doctors, and farmers continue to be plagued with resistance evolution by the species they seek to control. This phenomenon is witnessed in medicine in the emergence of antibiotic resistance and when tumors become intractable to standard anti-cancer medications, in agriculture when insecticides and herbicides lose effectiveness, and in public health when disease-carrying insects develop resistance to control strategies. The report "Moving Targets: Fighting Resistance in Infections, Pests, and Cancer" makes clear that a multi-disciplinary approach to the phenomenon of resistance can be very powerful.

###

A PDF of Moving Targets can be found here: http://bit.ly/XaKaSY.
The American Academy of Microbiology is the honorific leadership group of the American Society of Microbiology. The mission of the Academy is to recognize scientific excellence, as well as foster knowledge and understanding in the microbiological sciences. A full list of Academy colloquia reports can be found at http://academy.asm.org/colloquia. For more information about the American Society for Microbiology, visit http://www.asm.org.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
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AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

American Academy of Microbiology releases resistance report Public release date: 7-Mar-2013
[ | E-mail | Share ]
Contact: Garth Hogan
ghogan@asmusa.org
202-942-9389
American Society for Microbiology

What do cancer cells, weeds, and pathogens have in common? They all evolve resistance to the treatments that are supposed to eliminate them. However, researchers developing the next generation of antibiotics, herbicides, and anti-cancer therapeutics rarely come together to explore the common evolutionary principles at work across their different biological systems. The new American Academy of Microbiology report "Moving Targets: Fighting Resistance in Infections, Pests, and Cancer" concludes that scientists working on different kinds of treatments have much to learn from each other. Applying lessons learned about the evolution of resistance in different biological systems during the earliest stages of drug and pesticide design could lead to more effective treatments for patients, farmers, and public health organizations.

Do you think the oncologists at a cutting-edge research hospital ever sit down with local farmers? Do you think the pharmaceutical researchers developing the next generation of anti-HIV drugs spend any time with the plant scientists working on the next generation of Roundup Ready soybeans? If your answer to both questions is no, you would be mostly right. Even though all of these people are dealing with exactly the same evolutionary phenomena, they do not recognize themselves as a single scientific community and rarely get a chance to learn from each other. What they all have in common is that they are trying to eliminate an unwanted living entity but the treatments they develop eventually lose effectiveness because the target evolves resistance.

The emergence of resistance is a phenomenon with ancient evolutionary roots, although the human role in triggering resistance was little appreciated before the advent of widespread antibiotic and pesticide use in the 1950s. In Silent Spring, the prescient Rachel Carson wrote in 1962 that "by their very nature chemical controls are self-defeating, for they have been devised and applied without taking into account the complex biological systems against which they have been blindly hurled." Sadly, in the fifty years since Silent Spring was published, biologists, doctors, and farmers continue to be plagued with resistance evolution by the species they seek to control. This phenomenon is witnessed in medicine in the emergence of antibiotic resistance and when tumors become intractable to standard anti-cancer medications, in agriculture when insecticides and herbicides lose effectiveness, and in public health when disease-carrying insects develop resistance to control strategies. The report "Moving Targets: Fighting Resistance in Infections, Pests, and Cancer" makes clear that a multi-disciplinary approach to the phenomenon of resistance can be very powerful.

###

A PDF of Moving Targets can be found here: http://bit.ly/XaKaSY.
The American Academy of Microbiology is the honorific leadership group of the American Society of Microbiology. The mission of the Academy is to recognize scientific excellence, as well as foster knowledge and understanding in the microbiological sciences. A full list of Academy colloquia reports can be found at http://academy.asm.org/colloquia. For more information about the American Society for Microbiology, visit http://www.asm.org.
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?

AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.

Source: http://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2013-03/asfm-aao030513.php
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Managing facebook credits in facebook app

Facebook and Stack Exchange are now working together to support the Facebook developer community. Facebook engineers participate here along with the best Facebook developers in the world. If you have a technical question about Facebook, this is the best place to ask.

Source: http://facebook.stackoverflow.com/questions/15245791/managing-facebook-credits-in-facebook-app

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বুধবার, ২০ মার্চ, ২০১৩

President's Bioethics Commission releases report on pediatric medical countermeasure research

Recommends that multiple steps must be taken before ethical pediatric anthrax vaccine trials can be considered by the US government

Recommends that multiple steps must be taken before ethical pediatric anthrax vaccine trials can be considered by the US government

Teen Birth Control: IUDs Are an Option, Docs Say

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Jen Hilman Interview, Yoga & Massage Therapy for Relaxation ...

Mutated gene causes nerve cell death

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French army in Mali now in Islamist "sanctuary:" defense minister

Asia stocks up as US jobs, China exports improve

Education is a business not love, UG Vice-Chancellor asserts ...

শুক্রবার, ৮ মার্চ, ২০১৩

American Cancer Society: Budget cuts threat in NY

Cultivating a Gracious Climate in Your Church

Legal fight over London Olympic Stadium

বৃহস্পতিবার, ৭ মার্চ, ২০১৩

Ways To Make Improvements To Your Own Home

American Academy of Microbiology releases resistance report

Managing facebook credits in facebook app

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